At the turn of the millennium, the European banking industry underwent significant consolidation - a process where financial institutions merge or are acquired, resulting in fewer but larger banks with greater market share. Notable examples from that period include: Belgium : CERA, Kredietbank, and ABB Insurances merged into KBC in 1998. In 1999, ASLK and Generale Bank combined to form Fortis Bank, which was later acquired by BNP Paribas during the financial crisis. Netherlands : ABN and AMRO merged in 1991, forming ABN AMRO, while ING was created in the same year through the merger of Nationale-Nederlanden and the NMB Postbank Groep. France : BNP and Paribas merged in 1999 to form the BNP Paribas Group, while Crédit Agricole acquired Banque Indosuez in 1996. Germany : Deutsche Bank acquired Bankers Trust in 1998, creating one of the world’s largest banks. That same year, Bayerische Vereinsbank and Bayerische Hypotheken-und Wechsel-Bank merged to form HVB Bank. Switzerland...
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